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Jesuit mission to China","postCount":1},{"id":"cmu2h2olh003xgm6hybm60y2n","name":"Maurice Merleau-Ponty","slug":"maurice-merleau-ponty","headline":"French phenomenologist of the body — 1908–1961","avatar":null,"country":"France","affiliation":"Collège de France","postCount":1},{"id":"cmtszbcvn001ngm8jl55nwelz","name":"Michael Sandel","slug":"michael-sandel","headline":"Political philosopher — Harvard University","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"Harvard University","postCount":2},{"id":"cmuijdlgh0049gm6i5mpsw4q7","name":"Michel Foucault","slug":"michel-foucault","headline":"French historian of systems of thought — power, discipline and the subject","avatar":null,"country":"France","affiliation":"Collège de France, Chair of the History of Systems of Thought","postCount":2},{"id":"cmuijdnb3004ygm6i5yitdm3q","name":"Michel de Montaigne","slug":"michel-de-montaigne","headline":"French Renaissance thinker — inventor of the essay and sceptic of the self","avatar":null,"country":"France","affiliation":"Parlement of Bordeaux; 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University of Cologne; University of Berlin; University of Göttingen","postCount":1},{"id":"cmtszbek2001zgm8jnu5gd83x","name":"Noam Chomsky","slug":"noam-chomsky","headline":"Linguist and political thinker — MIT and the University of Arizona","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"MIT (emeritus) · University of Arizona","postCount":2},{"id":"cmuijdlwg004fgm6iuanh42kh","name":"Norbert Wiener","slug":"norbert-wiener","headline":"American mathematician — founder of cybernetics and its ethics","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","postCount":2},{"id":"cmuu23535005as15ro560t0gu","name":"Otto Weininger","slug":"otto-weininger","headline":"Austrian philosopher — Sex and Character and a notorious theory of gender and race","avatar":null,"country":"Austria","affiliation":"University of Vienna","postCount":1},{"id":"cmtszbfnr002cgm8jz6o0et70","name":"Patricia Churchland","slug":"patricia-churchland","headline":"Founder of neurophilosophy — University of California, San Diego (emerita)","avatar":null,"country":"Canada / United States","affiliation":"University of California, San Diego (emerita)","postCount":0},{"id":"cmtv5rulq003fgm6j96ycd8tm","name":"Paul Virilio","slug":"paul-virilio","headline":"Theorist of speed and technology — dromology","avatar":null,"country":"France","affiliation":"École spéciale d'architecture, Paris","postCount":1},{"id":"cmuijdmps004qgm6i47fm3xkn","name":"Paulo Freire","slug":"paulo-freire","headline":"Brazilian educationalist — critical pedagogy and conscientização","avatar":null,"country":"Brazil","affiliation":"Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo","postCount":1},{"id":"cmtszbfvp002fgm8jdu7jdvld","name":"Peter Godfrey-Smith","slug":"peter-godfrey-smith","headline":"Philosopher of science — University of Sydney","avatar":null,"country":"Australia","affiliation":"University of Sydney","postCount":5},{"id":"cmtszbdr6001tgm8j3xyxtgdf","name":"Peter Singer","slug":"peter-singer","headline":"Moral philosopher — Princeton University (emeritus)","avatar":null,"country":"Australia / United States","affiliation":"Princeton University","postCount":4},{"id":"cmtszbhux0034gm8jusomyhxb","name":"Peter Sloterdijk","slug":"peter-sloterdijk","headline":"Cultural theorist — Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design (emeritus)","avatar":null,"country":"Germany","affiliation":"Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design (HfG, emeritus)","postCount":2},{"id":"cmuu2350i0059s15rw2d4wcku","name":"Philippa Foot","slug":"philippa-foot","headline":"English moral philosopher — the revival of virtue ethics and the trolley problem","avatar":null,"country":"United Kingdom","affiliation":"Somerville College, Oxford; 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Collingwood","slug":"rg-collingwood","headline":"British philosopher and archaeologist — art as expression, history as re-enactment","avatar":null,"country":"United Kingdom","affiliation":"Magdalen College, Oxford","postCount":0},{"id":"cmtszbh79002xgm8jmx8q4kqo","name":"Ray Brassier","slug":"ray-brassier","headline":"Theorist of nihilism — American University of Beirut","avatar":null,"country":"United Kingdom","affiliation":"American University of Beirut","postCount":0},{"id":"cmtszbfl4002bgm8jzg25e6r8","name":"Rebecca Goldstein","slug":"rebecca-goldstein","headline":"Philosopher and novelist — United States","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"New College of the Humanities · Harvard University (visiting)","postCount":1},{"id":"cmv41lwo2005mmp5tbqyetdrh","name":"Richard Rorty","slug":"richard-rorty","headline":"American pragmatist — against the mirror of nature, for the liberal ironist and the priority of democracy to philosophy","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"Stanford University (comparative literature, emeritus); formerly Princeton and the University of Virginia","postCount":1},{"id":"cmty3lyfk003igm6ja1oc9u6k","name":"Robert Alexy","slug":"robert-alexy","headline":"Legal philosopher — University of Kiel (1945–2026)","avatar":null,"country":"Germany","affiliation":"University of Kiel (emeritus)","postCount":2},{"id":"cmtszbg0z002hgm8jco5vxpeo","name":"Robert Brandom","slug":"robert-brandom","headline":"Philosopher of language — University of Pittsburgh","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"University of Pittsburgh","postCount":0},{"id":"cmuu235ds005es15rxlzhcxsz","name":"Robert Stalnaker","slug":"robert-stalnaker","headline":"American philosopher of language — possible worlds, the Stalnaker conditional and common ground","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (emeritus)","postCount":1},{"id":"cmuijdm4f004igm6ity1ojcbn","name":"Roland Barthes","slug":"roland-barthes","headline":"French semiologist and critic — the death of the author","avatar":null,"country":"France","affiliation":"Collège de France","postCount":0},{"id":"cmu2h2o84003sgm6h40vwuizq","name":"Rudolf Carnap","slug":"rudolf-carnap","headline":"German-American logician and philosopher of science (1891–1970)","avatar":null,"country":"Germany (later United States)","affiliation":"University of California, Los Angeles","postCount":2},{"id":"cmtszbgm4002pgm8jg49qsndd","name":"Sally Haslanger","slug":"sally-haslanger","headline":"Feminist metaphysician — MIT","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)","postCount":0},{"id":"cmuijdndr004zgm6ilku7if2t","name":"Samuel Alexander","slug":"samuel-alexander","headline":"Australian-born British metaphysician — Space, Time and Deity and the doctrine of emergence","avatar":null,"country":"United Kingdom","affiliation":"University of Manchester","postCount":0},{"id":"cmu2h2oo5003ygm6hw43kqwzv","name":"Saul Kripke","slug":"saul-kripke","headline":"American logician and philosopher of language — 1940–2022","avatar":null,"country":"United States","affiliation":"CUNY Graduate Center","postCount":3},{"id":"cmtszbi2s0036gm8jchjaj00o","name":"Scott J. 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